What is meant by advantages and disadvantages

Complex problems are those that do not have one obvious answer or solution – there are a range of possible answers or solutions. 

When we are thinking through the different possible answers or solutions, we have to find some way of choosing between them. One of the simplest approaches to this is to think about:

• Advantages: this is the positive side of a possible answer or solution, which could also be called the pro of the solution.
• Disadvantages: this is the negative side of a possible answer or solution, also known as the con of the solution.

As an example, we might decide that the question we want to answer is how to travel on a trip. We can make a list of different options – we might choose to fly, to take the train or to drive. This problem does not have one easy answer, but we should be able to get to the best solution for us.

Why it is important to identify advantages and disadvantages of solutions 

Thinking about both the positive and negative sides of different solutions can help in many ways:

• Better decision-making: It helps you choose the most effective option instead of picking the first idea that comes to mind.
• Avoiding problems: Considering disadvantages in advance means you can prepare for or avoid difficulties.
• Using resources wisely: If a solution takes too much time, effort, or money, you may need to find a different option.
• Making fair choices: Looking at all sides of a solution ensures you think about how it affects different people and situations.

Improving solutions: If a solution has disadvantages, you may be able to adjust it to reduce the negative effects.

How to identify advantages and disadvantages of solutions 

To compare different solutions effectively, you can:

• List different possible solutions: Before choosing an answer, think of different ways to solve the problem. You could set yourself a target number of potential solutions, to stop you just being satisfied with the first possibility.
• Write down advantages and disadvantages: For each solution, list its good and bad points. This makes it easier to compare them. 
• Think about short-term and long-term effects: A solution might work well now but cause problems later, or it might be difficult at first but helpful in the future.
• Consider different viewpoints: A solution that is good for one person or group might not work well for another. Thinking about how different people will be affected can help find a fair option.
• Use facts and experience: Looking at past experiences or checking facts can help you understand which solutions have worked before and which ones might fail.
• Ask for advice: If you are unsure, discussing options with others can provide new ideas and perspectives.

By following these steps, you can analyse which solution is most likely to work well and avoid unexpected problems later on.